1. Describe the make-up of earth's hydrosphere. What percentage of earth's surface is water? What percentage of all water is saltwater?
earth's surface - between 70 and 75% water
all water - 97% salty, 2% glaciers, 1% freshwater

2. What percentage of ocean water is salt? Where is ocean salinity the greatest? What is the most common "sea salt"? What are other common elements in sea salts?
3.5% of ocean water is salt
Ocean salinity is greatest in the tropics, lowest on the poles
The most common sea salt is table salt (Sodium Chloride/NaCl)
Other common elements in sea salts: magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium chloride

3. Name 4 dissolved gases found in ocean water.
Oxygen, Nitrogen, CO2 (carbon dioxide), & methane

4. The position of the _______ has the biggest impact on tides.
    moon

5. Compare spring tides and neap tides -- include the phases of the moon.
Spring tides - the highest high tides and lowest low tides (greatest range of tides) - occur during new & full moon
Neap tides - the lowest high tides and highest low tides (smallest range of tides) - occur during 1st quarter & 3rd quarter moon

6. Tides change approximately every _______ hours.
    6

7. Describe how waves form. Be able to label the crest, trough, height, and wavelength.
Waves form from the wind.


8. Describe longshore currents, rip currents, and Nor'Easters.
longshore currents - parallel to beach
rip currents - perpendicular to beach
Nor'Easters - winters storms that cause massive beach erosion

9. Describe the typical current patterns in the northern and southern hemispheres. Compare the California Current and the Gulf Stream.
northern hemisphere - clockwise
southern hemisphere - counterclockwise
California current - cold current off the west coast that repels hurricanes (because the water isn't warm enough)
Gulf Stream - warm current off the east coast that attracts hurricanes\

Theres a few more questions left so DONT PRINT YET